The oscillator may be used in a timekeeper, such as a watch. How does the milkovic twostage mechanical oscillator. Pdf design and simulation of twostage cmos amplifier for. Matrix derivation of oscillator properties nowwedesiretofindageneral. The twostage mechanical oscillator technology can be used today as a mechanical for clean energy applications. Apr 11, 2011 serbian inventor, veljko milkovic, shows how leveraged secondary oscillations evince around twelve times more energy than the input energy supplied to the primary pendulum. Positive feedback amplifiers oscillators lc and crystal. Output from the filter couples to a twostage if amplifier using two 2n3904 transistors. This will usually be a voltage amplifier and may be biased in class a, b or c. In the case of a crystal oscillator, the filter consists of the. A coupled twostage ring oscillator, fabricated in cmos 0. An atomic clock operates on atomic oscillations, and thus is said to be the most precise. An oscillator is a mechanical or electronic device works on the principle of oscillation i.
A simple mechanism with new mechanical effects, represents the source of clean mechanical energy. E mgh take 2 identical pendulii one with a secondary fulcrum, one without drop them from the same height, at the same time in different local, to avert the metronome effect. Conclusion given the fact that this electromechanical system has been built in a private. K max u max spring oscillator is the pattern for many systems can represent it also by circular motion e. Independent international research activities featured replicas. Us20160327909a1 general two degree of freedom isotropic. The 16 online conversiont csv to pdf mhz crystal oscillator module is designed to handle off. Transistor oscillator a transistor with proper positive feedback can act as an oscillator. Classification of amplifiersdistortion in amplifiers, analysis of ce, cc, and cb configuration with simplified hybrid model, analysis of ce amplifier with emitter resistance and emitter follower, millers theorem and its dual, design of single stage rc coupled amplifier. An oscillator is an electronic or mechanical device that produces regular oscillations in the form of electrical or mechanical energy. Then we get that the efficiency of this model of twostage mechanical oscillator by veljko milkovic is 2. Because of high frequencies, small inductance can be used for the radio frequency of oscillation.
A process and temperature compensated twostage ring oscillator. The two stage mechanical oscillator pendulumlever system is very simple, yet very puzzling because it appears that more energy is going out since it is able to pump water than is put in only lift one lift of the pendulum and an occasional push. It will be easy to identify the windings if you use two different colored wires. When intentionally employed, injection locking provides a means to significantly reduce power consumption and possibly reduce phase noise in comparison to other frequency synthesizer and pll design techniques. Lc oscillator tutorial and tuned lc oscillator basics. All industry gravity assisted systems are wasting energy in comparison to this method. Eltr 125 semiconductors 2, section 3 common areas of confusion for students di. More complicated systems have more degrees of freedom, for example two masses and three springs each mass being attached to fixed points and to each other. The twostage mechanical oscillator process is like no other and is a proven. Electronic circuit analysis eca questions and answers pdf. Twostage mechanical oscillators should be set in accordance with geometry progression system, by which mechanical chain reaction could be achieved. In one more analysis and measurement, jovan bebic considers the efficiency of veljko milkovics two stage mechanical oscillator in the famous experiment with the hand flashlights and reports that the outputinput ratio is 2. Output from the filter couples to a two stage if amplifier using two 2n3904 transistors.
A relaxation oscillator stores only one kind of energy usually potential in the accumulator while an lc oscillator stores two opposite kinds of energy kinetic and potential in the two accumulators. Currently there is no known mechanical water pump method that is more efficient than the milkovic two stage oscillator s process. The creator, inventor and constructor of the two stage mechanical oscillator and the author of the related patents is academician veljko milkovic a serbian internationally awarded researcher and inventor being interested in past events. This oscillator uses an lc resonator to set the oscillation frequency and a capacitive divider to establish the loop gain. The interaction of the two stage lever multiplies input energy into output energy convenient for useful work mechanical hammer, press, pump, transmission, electric generator.
In fact, a two stage oscillator amplifier circuit has such a low current drain that several hundred hours is obtained from the batteries even when the transistors run continuously, according to battery manufacturers. Obviously, the supply voltage regula tion is excellent and hum. The goal of this work is to summarize the findings from previous papers along with some additional comments and also to answer two basic questions. Circuit ideacomparison between oscillators wikibooks, open. Two stage mechanical oscillator or some other gadget lay in direction eastwest in order to decrease axial friction on bearings caused by coriolis force. Inser ted in b is the large signal equivalent circuit of a differential pair from chap. A mechanical or electronic device that works on the principles of oscillation is an oscillator. It is a circuit that produces a repetitive waveform on its output with only dc supply as input. The interaction of the twostage lever multiplies input energy into output energy convenient for useful work mechanical hammer, press, pump, transmission, electric generator. Twostage mechanical oscillator a mechanical amplifier veljko. This is done to demonstrate the use of matlab array.
It employs a sensitive amplifier whose output is fed back to the input in phase, this type of feedback is known as positive feedback. The two stage mechanical oscillator process is like no other and is a proven. The twostage mechanical oscillator pendulumlever system is very simple, yet very puzzling because it appears that more energy is going out since it is able to pump water than is put in only lift one lift of the pendulum and an occasional push. In the case of a crystal oscillator, the filter consists of the crystal and external load capacitors. Milkovic invented same mechanism named as twostage oscillator mechanism. Tuned oscillator is a circuit that generates a radio frequency output by using lc tuned resonant circuit. You can read and download the paper on the next link 487 kb pdf.
Fabrication of device for generation of energy using two. A process and temperature compensated twostage ring. It can generate oscillations without any external signal source. The harmonic oscillator and the systems it models have a single degree of freedom. Designing sine wave oscillator oscillators with opamps, design of op amp sine wave oscillators.
As we can see this condition is met in the circuit shown in. Simple vibration problems with matlab and some help. Opinion on the twostage mechanical oscillator 156 kb pdf supporting comments by peter lindemann, d. A mechanical oscillation is a periodic conversion of energy from potential energy to kinetic energy to potential energy etc. Obviously, the supply voltage regula tion is excellent and hum modulation of the vfo out. The goal is to determine the conditions where the open. However, difference in the potential of twostage oscillator, unusual. The two stage cmos op amp is combined with 10 mhz quartz crystal resonator to create an oscillator at the frequency of 10mhz. A group of coils and capacitors can, for instance, comprise a network. In a relaxation oscillator we throw away the energy while in an lc oscillator we treasure it temporarily in an additional accumulator with the.
Inputoutput measurements twostage mechanical oscillator. Modernday computers, clocks, metal detectors, watches and microcontrollers all utilize oscillators. Twostage mechanical oscillator a mechanical amplifier. In such cases, the behavior of each variable influences that of the others. Teslas electro mechanical oscillator is a steampowered electric generator patented by nikola tesla in 1893. This could be the best way to confirm the overunity effect and accomplish replacement for nuclear fission. If the variable matflagis set to zero, then the masses are each given scalar values. Twostage mechanical oscillator the pendulumlever system.
Local positive feedback in a delay element enables a ring oscillator with only two stages to oscillate and produce quadrature clocks. The collector voltage is in phase with the input for a common base configuration. The oscillator can be sinusoidal or nonsinusoidal type. The creator, inventor and constructor of the twostage mechanical oscillator and the author of the related patents is academician veljko milkovic a serbian internationally awarded researcher and inventor being interested in past events. Just like the biquad form, the coupled form requires the use of two past val ues. Twostage mechanical oscillator technology description. A two stage mechanical idealization, working on the assumption that. Routhhurwitzs criterion is applied to prove that such a structure can oscillate. In one more analysis and measurement, jovan bebic considers the efficiency of veljko milkovics twostage mechanical oscillator in the famous experiment with the hand flashlights and reports that the outputinput ratio is 2. Currently there is no known mechanical water pump method that is more efficient than the milkovic two stage oscillators process. If the oscillation is damped then some energy is also converted to other forms usually thermal energy andor sound during each of these cycles of pe to ke. The two stage mechanical oscillator technology can be used today as a mechanical for clean energy applications. This turns out to be the case for all sinusoidal oscillators that are limited to the use of real numbers. The twostage cmos op amp is combined with 10 mhz quartz crystal resonator to create an oscillator at the frequency of 10mhz.
Compared with the classical oscillator 0 2 4 6 8 10 the transistor q1 both transistors are in mon base configura c 158841 frequency, ghz fig. Analysis and design of a highfrequency rc oscillator. Serbian inventor, veljko milkovic, shows how leveraged secondary oscillations evince around twelve times more energy than the input energy supplied to the primary pendulum. Simple vibration problems with matlab and some help from maple. In other words, oscillator can be defined as the periodic fluctuations between two things based on changes in energy. Application 2 in the circuit shown the capacitor is without charge and the switch is in position a. Although both these oscillators oscillator use an lc tuned tank circuit to control the oscillator frequency, the hartley design can be recognised by its use of a tapped inductor l1 and l2 in fig. Homey institute for quantum electronics, eth zurich, ottosternweg 1, 8093 zurich, switzerland the noncommutativity of position and momentum observables is a hallmark feature of quantum physics. Olson, 1943, 107 pages courtesy of john atwood this interesting book draws technically accurate analogies between electrical, acoustical, and mechanical systems. An informative beginners box on oscillator design and theory of operation from the spread spectrum rf cdma wireless pcs advanced digital communications ezine, spread spectrum scene online your one stop source of news, information and reference material on spread spectrum, rf, wireless home of rfss, silicon valleys premier ss, rf and wireless consultants. The virial theorem 33 problems 34 3 harmonic oscillators and magnetic.
Veljko milkovic two stage mechanical oscillator panacea technical. Twostage mechanical oscillator by veljko milkovic sareni portal. Tunedinput and tunedoutput oscillator tunedoutput tunedinput feedback coupling ci rf output c 2 c 1 l 1 2 c co c l 2 1 2 0 2 1 1 l c f s. The logic of this theory was also used to explain the twostage mechanical oscillator of veljko milkovic and pointed out a way to improve its. Each rf amplifier stage requires a bifilar wound coil. Mechanical hammer with a pendulum 1 anvil, 2 massive lever, 3 lever axel, 4 physical pendulum. Wind them on ft3743 toroid cores exactly like the bandpass filter coils, but wind two wires at the same time. Dynamics of a free particle 29 back to twoslit interference 31 generalisation to three dimensions 31. Current applications include a mechanical hammer, press, water pump, transmission and electric generator. In a modernday voltagecontrolled oscillator an injectionlocking signal may override its lowfrequency control voltage, resulting in loss of control. Lc oscillator basics oscillators are electronic circuits that generate a continuous periodic waveform at a precise frequency oscillators convert a dc input the supply voltage into an ac output the waveform, which can have a wide range of different wave shapes and frequencies that can be either complicated in nature or simple sine waves.
The twostage mechanical oscillator process is like no other and is a proven demonstration to show a higher efficient transformation of a smaller force into a bigger forced rotation. The practical applications of oscillators include computers, clocks, watches, radios etc. This is the start of my grandsons replication of veljko milkovics two stage mechanical oscillator. Teslas electromechanical oscillator is a steampowered electric generator patented by nikola tesla in 1893.
1349 665 1211 1143 664 677 695 103 792 1454 1233 1421 1261 182 39 330 85 41 1311 297 1474 148 332 1439 790 696 1087 800 1472 1518 590 501 944 1230 1406 157 1407 831 998 564